Indo-European etymology : Query result

Proto-IE: *som-en- <PIH *sH->

Meaning: song

Hittite: ishamai- c. 'Lied, Gesang' (Tischler 378ff.)

Old Indian: sā́man- n. 'hymn, song of praise'

Old Greek: hǘmno-s m 'hymn, ode, in praise of gods or heroes'

Russ. meaning: песня

References: Tischler 378ff.

Comments: Cf. Greek ói̯mǟ, ôi̯mos 'Lied, Gesang, Sage' (< *ojm-, not *omj-)

Proto-IE: *sorbh-

Meaning: a k. of fish (with red fins)

Old Greek: orphṓs or órphōs (NGreek orphó-s) 'great sea-perch, Epinephelus gigas': orphṓ-s, orphó-s Arist.; Hdn. Grm. 1.224: órphos koinō̂s, orphō̂s dè Attikō̂s, cf. Hsch.; Ath. 7.315b: Nom. att. orphṓs (citing Archipp. 17); gen. orphṓ Cratin. l.c., acc. -phṓn Pl. Com. 173.13, acc.pl. -phṓn Ar. l.c.

Germanic: *sarb=

Russ. meaning: рыба (с красными плавниками)

Proto-IE: *sō̆, *som

Meaning: prep./adv.: together

Hittite: { san }

Tokharian: A, B ysamo, ysomo 'altogether, collectively' (Adams 523, 524)

Old Indian: sám- 'together, with'

Avestan: ham- 'mit'

Other Iranian: OPers ham- 'mit'

Old Greek: ha- praef. 'with'; homaló- 'gleich, eben, glat'; hamó- 'irgend ein'; háma, dor. hamā̂ 'in einem, zugleich'; homó- 'gemeinsam; ähnlich, gleich, eben, glatt'; ó-trikhes, usw.

Slavic: *sǭ-, *sъ(n)-, *sъ(n)

Baltic: *sa(-), *sō̂(-), *sam̂-

Germanic: *sin 'zusammen': OSax, OHG sin-hīun, OE sin-hīwan 'conjuges, Ehegatten', Got sin-tīns 'täglich', OSax sin-nahti, OE sin-niht 'ewige Nacht' usw.;

Latin: sim-; similis; simul, OLat semol, semul 'zugleich'; semel

Other Italic: Umbr sumel 'zugleich'

Celtic: OIr sam- 'zusammen'

Russ. meaning: вместе

References: WP II 490

Comments: See Slav *sāmъ s.v. #3005 *sem-

Proto-IE: *sōur-

Meaning: a part of leg (calf ?)

Old Greek: ion. ṓrē f., hṓrǟ f. (Aristarch. = kṓlǟ; Miletos, Inschr.) Bez. eines Teils des Opfertieres, áōroi̯ pódes (hom.) (im Gegensatz zu den opísthoi pódes Philem. 145)

Latin: sūra f. `Wade'

Russ. meaning: часть ноги (икра ?)

References: WH

Proto-IE: *sōw-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to give birth

Tokharian: A se, B soy `Sohn' (PT *soy); B soṃśke '(dear) son' (dimin.) ( < *sūnu-) (Adams 702 f)

Old Indian: sūte, sūyate, inf. sū́tave, sávitave `to beget, procreate, bear', sū́- m. `one who begets, father, mother', sū́tu- f. `child-bearing, pregnancy'; sūnú- m. `son, child'

Avestan: hunāmi `gebären, Kinder zur Welt bringen', hazaŋrō-hunā `eine, die 1000 Kinder zur Welt bringt'; hunu- 'son'

Armenian: ustr `Sohn'

Old Greek: hüi̯ó-s, att. hüó-s, aeol. hü̂i̯o-s, älter hüi̯ǘ-s, altatt., lak., gort. hüǘ-s, hǖ́-s m., hom. gen. hü̂i̯-os, dat. hüi̯éi, hüi̯êi̯, hü̂i̯i, acc. hüi̯éa, hü̂i̯a, pl. hüi̯ées, hü̂i̯es, gen. hüi̯éōn, dat. hüiôi̯si, hüi̯ási, acc. hüi̯éas, hü̂i̯as, dual. hüi̯ée, hü̂i̯e m. `Sohn'; hüi̯ōnó-s m. 'grandson'

Slavic: *sɨ̄nъ

Baltic: *sū̂-n-u- (2) m.

Germanic: *su-n-ú- m., *su-n-í- m., *sōn-V- m.; *sōn-i- c.; *su-x-tr-ian- m.

Celtic: *sut- > OIr suth `Geburt, Frucht'

Russ. meaning: рож(д)ать; сын

References: WP II 469 f

Proto-IE: *spadh-

Meaning: spade

Hittite: ispatar n. (r/n) 'Spieß' (Tischler 420)

Old Greek: spáthǟ f. Bez. mehrer flacher und länglicher Gegenstände (`Weberwerkzeug zum Festschlagen des Eischlags, Schwert(klinge), Ruderblatt, Spatel, flache Rippe, Blütenscheide, Stiel des Palnblattes, Striegel' usw.)

Germanic: *spad-an- m., -ōn- f.

Russ. meaning: деревяжка (лопата)

References: WP II 652 f

Proto-IE: *(s)pala- / -e- (ph-)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to split in two; half, a half of the log, board

Old Indian: phalati `to burst, cleave open or asunder'; phalaka- n. `board, lath, plank, leaf, bench'; phāla- m. `ploughshare'; sphaṭati (D.) `to burst, expand', ptc. sphaṭita-; sphuṭati, sphoṭati (D.) `to burst, split open'; sphuṭa- `open, opened, blossomed, expanded'; paṭati (D.) `to split open, burst asunder'

Old Greek: spalǘssomai = sparássomai Hsch. 'to tear, to rend'; sphalássein = témnein, kenteîn Hsch.; spólia = tà paratillómena erídia apò tō̂n skelō̂n tō̂n probátōn Hsch.

Slavic: *polъ, *polovī́tī; *polēno; *polъ D (*доска); *orz-póltī (колоть надвое)

Baltic: *pel̂- vb. tr.

Germanic: *spil-ɵ-a- vb.; *spil-d-a- n.; *spil-d-ō f.; *spil-ɵ-a- n.; *fil-ō f.; *spal-u- c.; *spel-ɵ-ia- vb., *spal-t-a- vb.; *spl-ī-t-a- vb., *spl-i-t-ja- vb., *spl-i-t-i- c.; *spl-i-t-r=; *fl-ī-s-ō f.

Celtic: *slissi- > OIr sliss `Schnitzel, Splitter, Span', slissiu `Schnitzel, Latte'

Albanian: {palë 'side, partition'}

Russ. meaning: расколоться надвое; половина, половина бревна (доска)

References: WP II 677 f, 684

Proto-IE: *(s)palǝw-/-e-

Meaning: straw, chaff

Old Indian: pala- m. `straw', palā́va- m. `chaff, husks', palāla- m. n., palālī́ f. `stalk, straw'

Slavic: *pélvā Spreu

Baltic: *pel-u-, *pel-a- c., *pelw-ā̂, *pelaw-ā̂ f., *spal̂w-ā̂ (1), *spilw-ā̂

Latin: palea f. `Getreidehülse, Spreu; Stroh'

Russ. meaning: полова

References: WP II 59

Proto-IE: *(s)pAlg(ʷ)- (ph-)

Meaning: to shine, to sparkle

Old Indian: phalgú-, phálguna- `reddish, red'; sphuliṅga- 'spark'

Slavic: *pъlgati (Pol peɫgać 'flimmern')

Baltic: *spal̂g-[a]- adj. (2), *spal̂g-ē̂- vb. (2), *spil̂g-an-a- adj. (2), *spul̂g-[u]- adj. (2), *spulg-an-a- adj. (2)

Russ. meaning: светиться, искриться

References: WP II 679 f

Proto-IE: *spar- / -e-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: spear

Germanic: *spir-u- n., *spir-a- n., *spar-u- c., *sparr-a- n.; *sparr-an- m.

Latin: sparus, -ī m.; sparum, -ī n. `kurzer Speer des Landvolkes als Jagd- und dürftige Kriegswaffe'

Russ. meaning: копье

References: WP II 665 f

Proto-IE: *(s)parag-, *(s)prāg- (-ph-)

Meaning: to burst

Old Indian: sphūrjati `to rumble, roar, thunder, crash; to burst forth, appear'

Old Greek: spharagéomai̯ `knisterten, zischten; strotzten, waren zum Platzen voll'; spháragos = psóphos Hsch.; sphrǟgís, -ī̂dos f. `Siegel, Staatssiegel, Siegelabdruck, Petschaft, Siegelring, geschnittener Stein'; spargáō `schwellen, strotzen (von Milch usw.), voll Begierde und Wollust sein, heftig begehren'

Slavic: *pъ́ržītī, *prā́žītī, *pьrgnǭtī

Baltic: *sprag-ē̂- (*sprag-a-) vb, *sprag-u-, *sprag-ā̂ f., *sprag-a- c.; *sprā̂g- vb. intr.; *sprā̂g-ā̂ f. (2), *sprā̂g-iā̃ f. (1), *sprā̂(g)-tl-iā̃ f. (1); *sprig- vb. intr., *spur̂g-ā̂ f. (1), *spir̂g-[u]-adj. (1), *spir̂g-al-ā̂ f. (1)

Latin: spargō, -ere, sparsī, sparsum (/spartum) `streuen, sprengen, spritzen; besprengen, benetzen; zersprengen, zerstreuen; aussprengen'

Russ. meaning: лопаться с изрядным звуком

References: WP II 672 f

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